All thinkers

Mystic · Modern

St. Rafqa

1832–1914 · Maronite redemptive suffering

Saint Maronite

Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès; Lebanese Maronite nun; canonized 2001.

A Lebanese Maronite nun who asked God to share Christ's Passion and spent her last thirty years blind, paralyzed and in constant pain, in unbroken thanksgiving and joy. Her dictated memoir to her superior is one of the simplest accounts of co-redemptive suffering in Catholic literature.

Why he matters: A patron of the sick and a witness that the Maronite Church shares fully in the Catholic theology of suffering united to the Cross; with Charbel and Hardini she forms the modern Maronite constellation of saints.

Reading

  • The Autobiography (dictated to Mother Ursula Doumit)
    St. Rafqa · Her own short account of her life and sufferings.
  • Rafqa: The Blind Mystic of Lebanon
    Fr. Paul Daher · A biography from the Lebanese Maronite Order.
  • Salvifici Doloris
    St. John Paul II, 1984 · The theology of suffering she lived.

Documented positions

Where this thinker stands on each question the test asks.

Settled teaching Its center Open question Beyond teaching, not condemned Condemned error
I

God and Being · What is, and whence it is.

Is the world governed by purpose? Providence and final causes
Chance and mechanism Providence and final causes
II

Faith, Reason and Truth · How we know, and whom we trust.

Who interprets revelation? Living Tradition and Magisterium
Private judgment Living Tradition and Magisterium
III

The Human Person · Soul, body, freedom and the Fall.

Is there a spiritual soul? Immortal spiritual soul
Mind is brain Immortal spiritual soul
The body and its desires Contempt for the flesh
Contempt for the flesh Desire as its own law
What is suffering for? A share in the Cross
An evil to be relieved A share in the Cross
IV

The Moral Life · Law, virtue, conscience and the good.

What is happiness? Beatitude in God
Earthly flourishing Beatitude in God
V

Grace and Salvation · How God saves, and whom.

What is salvation for? Deification
Pardon and escape Deification
VII

Worship, Prayer and the Two Lungs · Liturgy, icons, the Spirit, and the See of Peter.

Liturgical development Receive and develop organically
Reconstruct and innovate Receive and develop organically
The way of prayer Stillness and the Jesus Prayer
Stillness and the Jesus Prayer Discursive meditation
What do the sacraments do? Efficacious ex opere operato
Signs only Efficacious ex opere operato
What are the Eastern Catholic Churches? Sister Churches with their own rights and theology
Rites of the one Roman Church Sister Churches with their own rights and theology
Contemplation or action? Contemplation: the one thing needful
Action: the apostolate and the works of mercy Contemplation: the one thing needful

A profile of your philosophical and theological leanings, measured against the settled teaching of the Catholic Church, East and West. It is a tool for examination and reading, not an instrument of judgment.

Ad maiorem Dei gloriam.